Cogeneration systems with an IC engine connected to a HRWH can obtain good efficiency in _____ systems.

Cogeneration systems that incorporate an internal combustion (IC) engine linked to a heat recovery water heater (HRWH) are particularly efficient in small industry applications. This is because small industrial processes often require both electrical power and thermal energy in tandem, making cogeneration an ideal solution to fulfill both demands simultaneously.

In such settings, the IC engine generates electricity through combustion, while the exhaust heat produced can be recovered and utilized for heating purposes, significantly increasing the overall system efficiency. This dual production of electricity and useful heat can lead to reduced energy costs and improved resource utilization.

In contrast, while heavy industries might utilize cogeneration, their larger scale often means they may require more complex energy systems or larger dedicated heat sources, which could dilute the efficiency benefits seen in smaller setups. Normal households typically do not have the consistent demand for both electricity and heat that makes cogeneration systems economical or practical, thereby limiting their application. Large heating systems, on the other hand, may not fit the cogeneration model effectively as they often require a consistent and substantial heat source that is generally met through dedicated systems rather than an IC engine configuration. Therefore, small industry represents the optimal scenario for the effective use of cogeneration with an IC engine and HRWH.