What is a potential consequence of using anti-icing systems?

Using anti-icing systems is essential in various engineering applications, particularly in aviation and power generation industries, where ice formation can impede performance and efficiency. When an anti-icing system is activated, it typically introduces heat to certain components to prevent ice from forming.

In the context of the provided options, the indication that "less air flow throughput" is the consequence reflects the reality that heating air to prevent ice can lead to changes in air density and pressure dynamics within the system. When warmer air is introduced, it may not flow as efficiently compared to colder, denser air, leading to a reduction in the overall air flow throughput.

This reduced air flow can affect the performance of combustion systems, turbines, or any system reliant on optimal air flow for efficiency. Maintaining airflow is critical for sustaining performance levels; thus, the impact of anti-icing measures can extend beyond just preventing ice, influencing the overall system dynamics.

In contrast, the other options do not accurately represent the primary operational effects of anti-icing systems. Wetting of the paper filter elements, lowering of the unit pressure ratio, or higher temperatures on the back end of the turbine section may not directly correlate with the function or consequence of activating anti-icing systems in a significant way relevant to